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History: This Digital Wallpaper features an AI art presentation of mounted Dasa (Daha, Iranian) riders in beaked caps training for combat at sunset with a circular fortress settlement in the background. The name/word 'Dasa' appears in the Rigveda as the enemies of the Rigvedic Indo-Aryan tribes - even though, historically, not all Dasa and Indo-Aryan tribes had feuded and warred against each other. Many had maintained cordial and friendly relations.

The Indo-Aryans and the Dasa (Daha, proto Iranian) belonged to the same family of the Indo-Iranian people - a sub group of the larger Indo-European people. The Indo-Iranians were the semi-nomadic tribes of the Yamna who dwelled in the eastern parts of the Pontic-Caspian steppe. They had migrated eastwards and invented the first spoked wheeled chariot in history during the period of the Sintashta culture. As a people, these tribes had evolved in stages and through various evolutionary cultures such as the Sintashta and the larger Andronovo culture. These tribes were also not homogeneous as a people, as one thinks. After having ventured out of the Yamna sphere, they had assimilated and merged with other people and other cultures - adopting technology, beliefs and practices. Genetic mingling has also been identified.

Around 2000 Bce, the Indo-Iranian tribes had split into two groups - the proto Iranians and the Indo-Aryans (better known as the Vedics Rigveda). Their identify and beliefs had diverged for the different migratory routes they had taken at different points in time. The Indo-Aryans (Vedics of the Rigveda) had later originated Hinduism (Vedic religion) and the language of Sanskrit while the Iranians had originated Avestan and the worship of Ahura Mazda. The two cousin groups had shared both friendly and inter-tribal hostilities with the Rigveda and the Avesta recording the hostility.

The Rigvedic word 'Dasa' is a corruption of the word 'Daha'. The Daha were a tribe of Proto Iranians, and the original meaning of the word was 'a Man' and a 'Man' of the 'Daha' tribe at that. The Rigveda Aryans had referred to these Iranians as the 'Dasa'. Likewise, the 'Daha' who were captured as ' prisoner of war' were known as the 'Dasa'. Over the course of time, the meaning of 'Dasa' had changed from war captives to slave and then to servants - since during the time, 'Daha' captives upon being captured was enslaved and made servants.

In terms of weapons technology, although Indo-Iranians had invented the spoked wheel chariot, their descendants the 'Daha' (proto Iranians) had incorporated both chariots and horse riding into their lives. Horse riding is a feature that is absent from the lives of the Rigvedic Indo-Aryan tribes - who for some reason did not take to horse riding.

The beaked shaped cap, the mounted Dasas can be seen wearing in the wallpaper, originated in Arachosia. It is based on excavated figurines from Pirak that depicts riders with beaked shaped heads. It is believed, such head wear was the precursor to the later Saka and Scythian caps. Horses at the time were not equipped with stirrups, and the Daha were not as yet famed for their horse riding skills as was their descendants, the Sakas, the Scythians and the Parthians - but they were ones who started it all and they often practiced.

The world they lived in, was a harsh and unforgiving world. Adult men of the tribes, especially the warriors, had to be ready for combat, and training with weapons was a necessary part of daily life. After all, without practice one could not be a good warrior or huntsman.                

Digital Media Description: Desktop Wallpaper I Desktop Background I Laptop Wallpaper I Mobile Phone Wallpaper I Historical Wallpaper I Daha Riders Wallpaper I Indo-Aryan Wallpaper I Dasas of the Rigveda Wallpaper I Proto-Iranian Wallpaper I Daha Wallpaper.